Where does the process of transcription take place?

The process of transcription occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. During transcription, genetic information encoded in DNA is used to synthesize messenger RNA (mRNA). The nuclear environment is specifically designed for the complex assembly and processing of RNA molecules, which includes the necessary transcription factors and RNA polymerases that initiate and carry out the transcription process.

In prokaryotic cells, which lack a defined nucleus, transcription occurs in the cytoplasm because their DNA is located in the cytoplasmic region. However, since the question specifically pertains to the process of transcription in eukaryotic cells, the nucleus is the correct location. The ribosome, involved in translation rather than transcription, synthesizes proteins from mRNA, while mitochondria serve as the site of cellular respiration and have their own unique processes.