What does the term biotic refer to in an ecological system?

The term biotic in an ecological system specifically refers to living things in an environment. This includes a wide range of organisms such as plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms, all of which contribute to the structure and function of ecosystems. Biotic factors interact with each other and with the abiotic components (the nonliving parts like air, water, and minerals) to influence the dynamics of ecological communities. Understanding biotic elements is crucial for studying ecosystems, as they play essential roles in processes like nutrient cycling, food webs, and habitat formation.