What condition exists in an isotonic solution?

In an isotonic solution, the condition is characterized by equal concentrations of water and solutes on both sides of the cell membrane. This means that there is no net movement of water into or out of the cell. Since the concentrations are equal, cells maintain their normal shape and function without experiencing the stress of swelling or shrinking. This stability is crucial for cellular processes and overall homeostasis in an organism.

In contrast, a situation where cells are in a continual state of bursting would occur in a hypotonic environment, where water inflows exceed outflows. Similarly, having a higher concentration of water inside the cell describes a hypotonic solution, while cell shrinkage due to a lack of water characterizes a hypertonic solution. Thus, the balance of concentrations in an isotonic solution is essential for maintaining healthy cell function.